Why price from margin rather than cost
Adding a set amount to your cost feels natural, but it leaves the final margin to chance. Dividing by the complement of your target margin, as this calculator does, guarantees the result. A 45% margin target means costs should be 55% of the price, so you divide total cost by 0.55.
Include the discount field if you run promotions, give trade terms or negotiate. If you skip it and then discount 10%, the margin you worked for is gone before the sale closes.
The formulas
Net selling price
Net price = (Product cost + Overhead) ÷ (1 − Target margin ÷ 100)
List price
List price = Net price ÷ (1 − Average discount ÷ 100)
Worked example
A maker sells a candle set costing $18 to produce, with $4 of packaging and fulfilment per set. The goal is a 45% margin, and customers typically use a 10% coupon.
- Total cost: $18 + $4 = $22.00.
- Net price: $22 ÷ 0.55 = $40.00.
- List price: $40 ÷ 0.90 = $44.44.
- Profit per set after the coupon: $40 − $22 = $18.00.
Before you publish the price
- Check it against the market. A calculated price tells you what you need, not what customers will pay. If it is far above competitors, the problem may be your costs or your positioning.
- Round with care. Rounding $44.44 up to $45 improves margin; rounding down to $39.99 can remove more profit than it looks like. Run the rounded price through the profit margin calculator.
- Test the volume effect. The price increase calculator shows how many sales you can afford to lose at a higher price.
Frequently asked questions
Why not just add 45% to my cost?
That produces a 45% markup, not a 45% margin. On a $22 cost, it gives a $31.90 price and a margin of about 31%, far below the target.
What should go in overhead per unit?
Costs that scale with each sale, such as packaging and fulfilment, plus a share of fixed overhead if you want the margin to cover it. Divide your monthly fixed overhead by expected monthly units for a simple allocation.
Does the discount apply to the cost as well?
No. A discount reduces what you collect while your cost stays the same, which is why the list price has to be grossed up.
What if I never discount?
Leave the discount field blank. List price and net price will be the same.